Improvement in looms



V To allwhoia Yit may concern:

stent Qtililrr.

L YNMN s'roNE, or NELSON, NEW Hiiiirlsninn.Y

Letters Patent'No. 97,826, dated December 14, 1869.

Be it known that I, LYMAN STONE, of Nelson, in

. the county Aof Cheshire, and State of New Hampshire,

i* have invented `a new' and .useful Improvement in Looms; and I dohereby declare that the following is f a full, clear,and exactdescriptionv thereof', which `will `enable. others i skilled in the artlto make and use; the

i same, reference being had tothe accompanyingfdraw'- ings, forming partof this specification. A This invention `relates to improvements inpowerlooms, and `has for its principalobject to provide an arrangementand construction of the-same, calculated tofurnish looms offeqnal orgreater eiiiciency thanthose `nowin use, `but occupying very much lessspace, so as to` econoiniz'e materially in room, where large i numbersare used cna floor, as is the case iii factories, i notonly in-respectof the space occupied by the loom itself, but also in respect of thespace required for the passages'or aisles between the rows ot' looms. Y

` The `invention also relates to auiimproved let-off mechanism.A i v fAlso, Van improved picker-motion. Also, ai-i improved construction andarrangement of the shipper-lever. f

Figure l represents a front elevation of my improved loom ;I

Figure 2, a transverse sectional elevation, taken on the linexx otg. 1;i

Figure 3, a plan view; i 'i f :Figure 4, a section on the `liiieg/.Figure5, an end View; and

, Figure 6 anv elevation of `the fixed pulley of the i crank-shaft. vSimilaiiletters of reference'-indicatc kcorresponding parts.-` y L Crepresents agearwheel `on the yarn-beam B2, whiclris operated by aworm-wheel, 02, on a shaft, C, lying ti'aiisverselyof the frame,andslightly inclined y of iig. 3';

from a 4right angle with the yarirbeam,theinclination being such thatthe bearing-face of the worin is nearly i mitteilt strains ofthe yarnthereon, due to the striking f ot' the reed in beating 111),; is greatlyobviated, and

whereby the necessity for a Vfriction-strapon the "worm-shaft C isremoved. y, i

This shaft C:l carries a ratchet-wheel, 0*, capable of sliding to`andifro. on it, and feathered to it, so as to `turn the said shaft. i 1i i j y A crotched sliding bar, CP, engages this wheel,'so as to controlits position.

A cord, C, connects the said slide-l ar with thel weighted end ofailever, 0*,passng over a guide-pull ley, GT.

i ll i l The Schedule referred to in these I ierters Patent and makingpart of the same` The long arm of this lever supports a presser, C,constantly borne against the yarn-beam Vby, the weighted end ofthe saidlever.

As the roll'of yarn on tlie`yarn-beam becomes smaller, the presserallows the heavy end of the lever to go down, by which the Wheel C isdrawn toward the worm Czby the cord GG.

This ratchet-wheelis operated by a lever-pawl, 0',

vibrating on an axis, C, to which axis, arms C12 and G1 are connected.

The arm Ol2 plays between the stud CI4 and the'V sword-arm D of the lay,and prevents the pawl-arm from rising too high or falling too low, Theother arm, O1?, is provided with a branch, C, against which thesword-arm D strikes, when moving back, forcing the pawl-arni down uponthe ratchet-wheel, turning it,4

and thereby the yarn-beam, for letting oi the yarn. The other part ofthe arm C bends forward toward tlie'front of the lay, and is acted uponby a lever, d, pivoted at (Il, and rising up behind the reed-beam, d2,which is arranged to rest in a rebate in the rear-ot' the lathe, andheld in the said rebate by springs da, rising up ii-om near-the bottomofthe sword-arms, so as to yield when beating up, according to theresistance encountered by the reed.

This yielding ofthe reed throws the lowerend of the lever :Z forwardagainst the 'end of the arm C, thereby pressing it back, and raisingthepawl-arm.

This paavl-arm will therefore be iaised higher or lower, according tothe resistance encountered by the reed, and the-movement of theyarn-beamwill be varicdaccordingly. Hence the warp will belet ofi'faster or slower as thewet't is woven in,vand if. the weft varies insize, or it' it breaks, and is not fed in at all, no"

thin places will b e made in the cloth, as is the case when the lettingofi" continues, irrespective of the con-v ditionot the weft. l

As the wheel C4 is moved from the asis of the pawlarm, as the warp-rollbecomes smaller, it receives a greater movement by tlic'pawl-arm C1, themovement of which increases as the .distance from its axis increases.

When one warp-beam has been exhausted and a new. one is put in, theratchet-wheel O* is shoved back on the shaft, land the the yarn-beam.v

When iiner yarn is used for the weft, and the warp is consequentlyworked up slower, the cord C will be lengthened, and the lratchet-wheelmoved nearer toward the axis of the pawl-arm at the commencement; andwhen theweft is coarser, and the warp worked up faster, the said wheelwillibe adjusted relatively to the said pawl in the other direction.

It' the lever Gfibediivoted centrally between the connection of the cordand the presser, the variation i presser-arm -Ciadjusted against thecentre of thespace it will fill when full.

in the motion imparted to the ratchet-wheel and that of the yarn-beamwill be in exact proportion, and the tension will thereby be always thesame.

In order to further economize space in front of the loom, I arrange theauxiliary roll B1, resting on the beam B, in slotted bearings Bi",inclining backward to The cloth is wound on to the roll, which risesinthe slotted bearings as the` roll increases. The saidroll B is turned bylthe frietional contact of beam B, which is covered by sand-paper, orotherwise coated with any substance which, acting lupon the cloth, willhave suf- -ticient friction to turn it.

This beam B gears with a ratchct-wheel, B4, worked by a pawl, B5,plvot'ed at B, and provided with a pendent arm, B7, a horizontal arm,B", and a weight, B9.

The pawl Br is retracted by the striking of the' sword-arm, or a pin orprojection, B", thereon, against the pendent arm` BT, which throws upthe weight at the same time. This weight, acting on the ratchetwheel,and through the gearing with the beam B, im pels'the latter to turn theauxiliary roll B1, but the tubular extensions of the said collars, andby boltsD2, l

passing through curved slots ini the cams, into the sides ot' the saidcollars. This arrangement admits of adjusting the cams both along theshaft and around the same.

D represents projecting arms of rock-shafts D, at each end of theioom,working on the 'cams D, and provided with friction-rollers.

These rock-shafts have arms D?, to the picker-staves D.

The latter are connected, by links D, to their xed supports DU, at thebottom of the frame, and at about the centre, lengthwise, they arejointed to pendent arms D, having rocker-ends D, and suspended from theunder side ofthe beam of the lay by springs D, in such a manner lthat;the force of the springs is brought into action to arrest the movementof nthe picker-staves when moving either' way.

The raising of the arms D* by the cams moves the picker-staves intherdirection to throw the shuttle. The opl'iositemovementrof thesearms, to retract the staves, is eti'ected by the weight of the said armsand long friction-rollers, which sets the picker-staves in position toreceive the shuttle, and yield against the springs Dwith such ease thatthe slaekest and vsoftest weftfc'an be used without waste.

`This arrangement of the picker-stavcs serves also to impart ahorizontal orparallel motion to the pickel'.

The treadle-cams are formed on the lower shaft of the loom, so that theoperatin'g-faces begin at the axis of the shaft, as shown at E, whichhas the distance of the said working-faces from the centre, and therebythe movement of the levers.

These cams have the. advantage of greater safety to the operator, asbeing less liable to catch the hands 1), connected, by rods between themand the treadles, and in which grooves the treadles work, being guardedby the periphery of the cylinder, which has a tendency to throw `offanyf hooks, and may by them be adjusted to any required degree oftension.

These rods have the effect to carry the harness forward slightly withthe warp, when the downward movement ot the harness is made, whereby thewear on the warp is considerably lessened.

The connection of thccrank-shaft with the lathe is inade by short rodsor links 1-I, pivoted to rigid projectious H', and but slightly longerthan the cranks, and the projections H are so arranged that thepivotjoints of the links H therewith work on acirele, which, struck fromthe axis of the sword-arms, would pass through the axis ofthecrank-shaft. VThis arrangement has the effect to cause a dwell ofthelathe in the rearmost'position during nearly the tiine of onethird of arevolution of the crank-shaft, at which time the shuttle is thrown withless power, and more accurately than can be done whenthe lathe is inmotion.

As a greater protection for the operator against the danger of injury bythe hand getting caught bythe cranks and connecting-links, I havesubstituted circular disks for the ordinary cranks, having only narrowspaces between them for the links, and so operating as to have atendency to throw ott' anything coming into Contact with the peripheriesof the said disks.

The belt-shipping lever I is made of one rod of metal, bent into therequired form, and extending down from the e-nd of the breast-beam tonea-r the bottom of the frame, thence along under the drivingpulley7 andup at the rear thereof, at I, wherev it is suitably crotehed to act onboth edges of the belt.

part thereof, to throw it out when disengaged from the catch.

The harness-suspending yoke L is bent forward, as shown at M, to suspendthe harness further forward, to permit the operator to reach in" fromthe end of the loom more easily for uniting broken threads.

The disks of the yarn-beam -are made adjustable along the same, so thatthe space between themcan be widened or narrowed, as required. Forweaving goods of various width, I have weighted the drivingpulley, andarranged the same relatively to the cranks and link-connections with thelathe, to prevent the stopping of the same on the centres, ,whereby Ican take hold vof the lathe and move it forward or backward, so that Ican place the harness in the required position to mend the warp-threads,without the necessity of going to the pulley or gear to turn them byhand.4

Having thus described my invention,

YVhat I claim as new, and desire'to secure by Let ters Patent, is-

1. The combination of sliding bar C5, cord C6,

the yarn-beam, all being arranged as described, for the purpose ofautomatically sliding the ratchetwheel C. l

2. The worm G2, wheel C4, and pawl C1", in combination witha, branchedlever, the stud 14, arm D, level' 1I,l and spring d, all arranged as andfor the purpose set forth.

3. The arrangement of the sliding ratchet-wheel C-i, haft C3, andvibrating pawl G, substantially as speci- 4. The combination of cams D,arms D4, rock-shafts D5, arms D6, and rods DT, with the arms D, rockenEnds D, and springs D, as and for the purpose speci-v 5.l Theshipper-lever I, constructed from a single rod, bent as described, andarranged with the spring K, as specified. Y

p LYMAN STONE. Witnesses:

J. PARKER-SNOW, ALEX. F. ROBERTS.

A coiled spring, K, is woundaround the horizontal weighted lever C,having presser C thereon, with,

